MICROBIOLOGICAL TREATMENT EQUIPMENTS
Microbiological treatment plays a crucial role in Water & Waste Water treatment processes. They are employed in various methods to purify water and treat wastewater.
Microbiological treatment is the process of killing pathogenic microorganisms and making water potable (safe to drink), to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases, to use in beverages making, Pharmaceutical Industries etc.
A number of chemical disinfectants are effective at killing bacteria and viruses in water. These include chlorine, chloramine, ozone, and iodine. UV treatment can also be used to kill viruses without the need for chemicals.
Ozonators
Ozonators play a crucial role in water and wastewater treatment.
Ozonation is a method of treating water that uses the strong oxidizing properties of ozone to remove a number of impurities from wastewater. Traditionally used for disinfecting drinking water, its application has expanded to treat municipal and industrial wastewater. Ozone is commonly employed as a tertiary treatment step to improve water quality in addition to primary and secondary treatment levels because it is highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and chemical pollutants. Ozone water treatment system works by introducing ozone gas into the water, which then oxidizes and breaks down harmful pollutants and organic matter. Ozone is one of the strongest known oxidants. It can be used to burn dissolved compounds (oxidation). The extra oxygen radical in an ozone molecule quickly binds to each component that comes in contact with ozone molecules. This is because of the instability of ozone and its inclination to return to its original form (O2). Ozone instantly reacts with other germs, viruses, and bacteria. The ozonation process typically follows primary and secondary treatment stages in wastewater treatment. Wastewater is exposed to generated ozone, which reacts with and breaks down contaminants, including bacteria, viruses, and organic materials. The process not only improves water quality by removing pathogens but also helps to eliminate unpleasant odors and tastes. The efficacy of the ozonation process in wastewater treatment is gauged by the decrease in Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and total suspended solids concentration.- Ozonation effectively removes a wide assortment of pathogens.
- Converts metals into filtrable forms, aiding in water purification
- Removes unpleasant smells from the water
- Improves the visual quality of the treated water.
Ultraviolet Sterlisers
UV (Ultraviolet) disinfection systems are a safe, chemical-free, and highly effective way to purify water by inactivating unwanted microbes making the water safer to consume and use. They use UV-C light, which destroys the DNA or RNA of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, stopping them from multiplying and infecting humans.
In UV water disinfection technology, Ultraviolet light of wavelength 253.7 nanometers is used for the disinfection of bacteria, viruses, molds, algae, and other microorganisms, which multiply and grow. UV disinfection technology can be used for drinking water disinfection, process water disinfection, wastewater disinfection, and surface disinfection. Other than disinfection applications, UV water filtration system can also be used for TOC removal and Ozone destruction
In the UV water disinfection technology, the UV light disinfects by penetrating microorganisms and destroying their DNA. DNA plays an important role in organisms’ functions and reproduction hence destroying the DNA prevents the organism from being active and multiplying. Very small quantities of this UV energy (wavelength: 240–280 nm) are also naturally present in sunlight. High mercury discharge lamps, also referred to as UV lamps, help produce the same energy at stronger intensities.
The UV water disinfection process utilizes special UV lamps or bulbs that emit UV light of a particular wavelength. These UV light waves have the ability, based on their length, to disrupt the DNA of microorganisms. These UV light waves are referred to as the Germicidal Spectrum or Frequency, the frequency used in killing micro-organisms is 254 nanometers (nm).
An ultraviolet disinfection system is not simply a lamp inside a pipe. The UV Reactor must be designed to ensure that all microbes receive sufficient exposure to the UV disinfection light (dose). Based on the hydraulic properties of water; the reactor needs to be optimized to guide the flow in a manner so as to maximize residence time and boost turbulence. Well designed Industrial UV water disinfection systems are producing consistently exceptional results in the industrial applications
- A UV disinfection system can help to achieve High-quality water.
- Water used in Pharmaceutical and healthcare products and for CIP (Cleaning in Place) can be UV treated
- Removal to residual ozone from water is achieved by UV light.
